Recent data from the Ministry of Culture and Tourism highlights a total of 295 million domestic trips during the holiday, a jump of 28.2% over the same period in 2019.

This growth is largely facilitated by sophisticated transportation networks and digital booking systems that cater to a diverse range of consumer preferences. Cities like Guangxi’s Liuzhou, Shandong’s Zibo, and Gansu’s Tianshui have gained popularity, driven by improved accessibility and digital visibility.

The financial implications are significant, with total tourism spending reaching 166.89 billion yuan, marking a 12.7% increase year-over-year. This economic uplift is supported by technological enhancements in payment systems and personalized marketing, which help tap into changing consumer behaviors more effectively.

The Ministry of Transport reports a cross-regional movement of approximately 136 million people during the period, facilitated by robust rail and road networks.

Technological improvements in these areas have not only improved the efficiency of travel but have also enhanced the overall user experience by streamlining processes such as ticket purchasing and real-time traffic management.

What’s this “520 day” that intrigues many in China? The term 520, an abbreviation for May 20, denotes an unofficial Valentine’s Day in China. The number “520” phonetically resembles “Wo Ai Ni” or “I Love You” in Chinese.

While February 14 remains the globally recognized Valentine’s Day, the Chinese honor their affection on several other occasions as well, including May 20 (520 Day) and the Qixi Festival. These days are regarded as Chinese versions of Valentine’s Day, with the 520-day holding special significance as it symbolizes “I Love You.”

Despite not being an official holiday, 520 Day has garnered popularity among couples and singles as an opportunity to express romantic love.

Due to the ongoing pandemic in 2020, the “520 Day” celebration witnessed changes with fewer public gatherings. Nonetheless, businesses capitalized on the festival by initiating online engagement campaigns.

For instance, luxury brand Prada, created a campaign using the hashtag #prada520# on Weibo, one of China’s top social platforms. The campaign featured brand spokesperson Cai Xukun and garnered 180 million views as of May 5.

The “520 Day” traces its roots to Taiwanese singer Fan Xiaolan’s song “Digital Love,” where “520” symbolized “I love you.” Over time, “521” was also interpreted as “I am willing,” and “I love you” in China, earning various epithets like “Marriage Day,” “Love Expression Day,” and “Love Festival.”

These two dates, May 20 & 21, serve as annual internet Valentine’s Days in China, echoing the phrases “I (5) love (2) you (0/1)” in Chinese. While they lack historical roots, they are products of commercial promotions in the 21st century.

Despite not being official holidays, the evenings of these days see restaurants and cinemas bustling and prices surging due to Valentine’s Day celebrations.

May 20 is particularly crucial as men utilize this opportunity to express their romantic love for women, often presenting gifts or ‘hongbao.’ Some couples even choose this date for their wedding ceremony.

The difference between 520 and 521 is that the former is largely a day for women, while the latter caters to men. On May 20, men express “520” (I love you) to their significant other. The subsequent day, women reply with “521” to indicate their reciprocation of love.

For marketers in China, these days present lucrative opportunities for promotions. The rising orders of roses, surging sales of chocolates, and full-house hotels underscore the business potential of the “520-day festival.”

A few notable examples of this trend include the most retweeted photo on Sina Weibo on May 20, 2014, and a post by The Economist in 2017 asking “how do economists say ‘I love you’?” The topic #Sweet 520# witnessed almost 4 million discussions and over 1 billion views as of noon on May 20, 2017.

The characteristics of 520 Valentine’s Day include:

1. Fashionable: “520” resonates with the younger generation who find creative ways to celebrate the day, even choosing this date for their wedding. It’s also a popular topic on WeChat Moments and QQ group chats.
2. Younger: Those under 30 years old, who are quick to embrace new trends and spend much of their free time on the internet, are the primary followers of 520 day.
3. Spiritual: Gifts exchanged on May 20 and 21 lean more towards the “spiritual.” It could be a coded message of love sent over the internet or mobile phone.
4. Implicit: Unlike the globally recognized Valentine’s Day, which is for established couples, the 520 Internet Valentine’s Day is preferred by men and women to subtly express their love using digital codes.

5 key trends shaping the Chinese economy, accelerated by COVID-19

Online holiday booking was a 432.63 billion yuan (US$66.67 billion) market in 2015, with an increase of 39.9% according to iResearch. It’s expected to exceed US$100 billion in 2017.

China online holiday market reached monthly users of 153 million in December 2015; and, it accounted for over 16% of online travel market by total transaction value.

Also read: Chinese Outbound Tourists Spent $229 Billion Shopping in 2015

• New Year’s Day: 1-3 January (3 days), 31 Dec 2011 (Saturday) is a working day
• Chinese New Year: 22-28 January (7 days), Jan 21 (Sat) and Jan 29 (Sun) are working days
• Ching Ming Festival: 2-4 April (3 days), March 31 (Sat) and April 1 (Sun) are working days
• Labor’s Day: 29 April – 1 May (3 days), April 28 (Sat) is a working day
• Dragon Boat Festival: 22-24 June (3 days)
• National Day: 30 September – 7 October (8 days), Sep 29 is a working day